you read an article about Interventions with a specific cultural group at the beginning of the semester

and earned about additional cultural groups from vour base group members. Choose one cultural group that you learned about and share at least three considerations when using interventions with this group

You are working with a college student with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder. Describe how you would determine the top and bottom of their Zone of Proximal Development for the task of managing their coursework and study time. Then, describe how you would use the concept of scaffolding to help them improve this skill.

Define Plaget’s ‘schemes’ In your own words. When working with a client with Alcohol Use Disorder, what might be part of the client’s ‘schemes’ surrounding alcohol? How might you help the client change those schemes as part of your work with them?

Define the process of extinction in vour own words. How could you utilize this concept to desienan intervention with a cent who wants to reduce their level of anxiety around setting blood drawn? Please be specific 

You are working with a client with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder who is attempting to reduce their compulsion of excessive handwashing, Give an example or how you could use positive reinforcement to help them change the behavior, and an example of how vou could use negative punishment. What schedule of reinforcement would vou use and why?

How could the concept of reciprocal determinism (also called reciprocal causation) impact a client’s success (or lack of success) with increasing how often they exercise? Make sure you discuss all three

parts of the theory

You are working with a client who comes to see you in therapy each week but does not seem to be motivated to change. They don’t complete homework assignments that you ask them to do, and don’t seem to have changed their behâviors since they started seeing you. What are at least three ways you could use motivational interviewing to explore this with the client and help move them to a place of change?

You have learned about three therapeutic interventions this semester through your small group presentations (flooding, behavioral activation, and assertiveness skills). Choose one intervention and

explain how it fits with specific course material

Multiple Choice Questions (1 point each) /20

**Please highlight your answer to each question for ease of grading. Thank you!

1) According to Piaget, if a child has a schema for “how to make friends” that is unhelpful to them,

and they later change that schema when they learn social skills in therapy, they are engaging in:

A. Assimilation

B. Accommodation

C. Proportional thinking

D. Inhibition

2) You are working with a high school student who has not discussed their mental health concerns

with their parents because they feel their parents could not possibly understand what they are

feeling. This error in thinking is common, and is referred to as:

A. Imaginary audience

B. Private speech

C. Conservation

D. Personal fable

3) A mental health professional working with a client in the _____________________ stage would

probably want to focus on logical, observable behaviors when discussing anxiety with a client,

rather than abstract ideas.

A. Concrete operations

B. Postformal thought

C. Formal operations

D. Preoperational

4) According to Erikson, in which stage is it important for a person to have a sense of

accomplishment over certain tasks and be able to discuss their strengths and talents?

A. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt

B. Intimacy vs. isolation

C. Industry vs. inferiority

D. Integrity vs. despair

5) When Tania talks to her child, she often does so in a way that encourages them to think about

their experiences on a deeper level. For example, she may read a book to her child and ask them

“What do you think the character was feeling? Why do you think they felt that way?” This type of

interaction is referred to as a(n):

A. Mediated learning experience

B. Effortful control

C. Collective self-efficacy

D. Symbolic thought

6) You are doing an intake interview with a client and ask them a lot of questions about the

environments they are in on a regular basis, such as their home, their school environment, and

their workplace. These all make up which of Bronfenbrenner’s systems?

A. Mesosystem

B. Chronosystem

C. Exosystem

D. Microsystem

7) Jack Griffin decides to play a trick on his AP Biology students using classical conditioning. Every

time they are going to watch a video, he turns the lights off in the classroom and then

immediately makes a loud noise. This causes his students to become startled. He repeats this

process several times and by the end of the semester, his students become startled when the

lights are turned off, even though he no longer makes the loud noise. In this example, the neutral

stimulus is the ______________ and the unconditioned stimulus is the ______________.

A. Becoming startled; lights being turned off

B. Loud noise; becoming startled

C. Loud noise; lights being turned off

D. Lights being turned off; loud noise

8) You are working with a client who experiences high levels of anxiety. He was bullied by several

boys when he was a child and now becomes extremely anxious when he is in the presence of

other males whom he does not know. According to the theory of classical conditioning, he is

likely experiencing:

A. Generalization

B. Discrimination

C. Contiguity

D. Counterconditioning

9) Your client, Sahra, has a Specific Phobia regarding snakes and experiences feelings of panic when

she even sees an image of one. You ask her what things she finds relaxing and she reports that

she feels calm when she listens to music from her favorite singer. You and Sahra agree to play

the music in the room to elicit a “calm” response from her. Then, she allows you to start showing

her photos of snakes while the music plays. You do this for several weeks and eventually even

bring in live snakes to your sessions. Based on this description, you were most likely using which

technique?

A. Extinction

B. Avoidance learning

C. Counterconditioning

D. Chaining

10) Which of the following is the best example of classical conditioning?

A. Going to work and being rewarded with a paycheck

B. Wearing an outfit you saw a celebrity wear on television

C. Flinching when you see fireworks about to explode

D. Hitting someone after seeing your parents fighting

11) You are working with the parents of a young child who has been acting out at home. You and the

parents decide to incorporate operant conditioning into their parenting routine. One of the ways

they will do this is by taking one item off the child’s list of chores for that week if he behaves

appropriately toward his brother for one entire day. Eliminating a chore for appropriate behavior

is an example of:

A. Positive reinforcement

B. Negative reinforcement

C. Positive punishment

D. Negative punishment

12) Phil Dunphy wants to teach his son, Luke, to do a better job of cleaning his room. First, he gives

Luke a dollar every time he makes his bed correctly. Later, Luke has to first make his bed AND

THEN pick up his belongings to get a dollar. Eventually, Luke needs to completely clean his room,

including first making the bed, then picking up his belongings, then throwing away his garbage,

and finally dusting it to get a dollar. What concept is Luke’s father using?

A. Premack principle

B. Latent learning

C. Shaping

D. Chaining

13) Which of the following would be the best example of using the Premack principle with a client

who is trying to increase the amount of time they exercise each week?

A. Telling the client “Way to go!” each time they report they have exercised that week.

B. Having the client agree to only watch their favorite TV show if they have exercised first.

C. Encouraging the client to arrange their home in such a way that exercising at home feels

more enjoyable.

D. Creating a list of small steps the client will need to complete to achieve their goal and

working on them one at a time.

14) You are working with a client who tells you that they want to change their behavior of isolating

themselves from friends because “I just want to feel like I accomplished something. I want to be

proud of myself.” This positive feeling the client will get from changing is an example of a(n):

A. Intrinsic reinforcer

B. Token reinforcer

C. Social reinforcer

D. Material reinforcer

15) Vicarious reinforcement and vicarious punishment is most associated with which study?

A. Pavlov’s study with dogs

B. Thorndike’s law of effect study with cats

C. Watson and Rayner’s study with Little Albert

D. Bandura’s study with the Bobo doll

16) Chad is 13 years old. His parents and teachers have taught him that vaping is harmful and so he

has never engaged in the behavior because he realizes it is bad. However, he starts spending

time with a “cool” older student at school and sees how much attention this other student gets

for vaping. Chad now believes that vaping is cool, so even though he previously believed it was

wrong, he starts doing it too. What is likely occurring?

A. Inhibition effect

B. Disinhibition effect

C. Facilitation effect

17) Which of the following is the best example of self-reaction in a client who is becoming more self-

regulated?

A. Rewarding oneself for accomplishing their goal that day

B. Becoming angry at the therapist for not supporting them enough

C. Believing that they could not have been successful if it wasn’t for the therapist’s help

D. Adjusting their goals when necessary and engaging in metacognition

18) How might having a high degree of self-efficacy influence a client’s behavior?

A. They would be more likely to exert only a small amount of effort on a task.

B. They would be more likely to choose a task they would fail at.

C. They would set higher goals for themselves.

D. They would give up more quickly when completing a difficult task.

19) Your client tells you that they are planning to quit smoking, but aren’t quite ready to change just

yet. They have decided to quit on the first of the month, which is coming up in three weeks. They

also purchased nicotine patches and have told their friends and family about their plans. This

client is likely in which stage of change?

A. Precontemplation

B. Action

C. Contemplation

D. Preparation

20) Which of the following is NOT something that a therapist using motivational interviewing would

likely do?

A. Engage in non-judgmental, reflective listening

B. Keep pushing clients to change when they notice resistance

C. Have a belief that the client can change

D. Help a client see discrepancies between their behavior and goals

Short Answer Questions (4 points each) /20