Abstract

This study examines how parenting styles affect children’s problem-solving ability. Authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles are explored to determine their effects on children’s cognitive and emotional development. The literature study shows that authoritative parenting balances support and realistic expectations and helps children acquire problem-solving skills. With its strong control and limited autonomy, authoritarian parenting may limit a child’s decision-making. Permissive parenting, with its warmth and uneven discipline, may hinder a child’s initiative and problem-solving. The hypotheses show authoritative parents raise children with better problem-solving skills than authoritarian or permissive parents. The study seeks to help parents, educators, and child development professionals understand how parenting styles affect children’s problem-solving skills. The study helps develop successful parenting practices, educational programs, and treatments that support holistic child development, giving children the confidence and resilience to face life’s obstacles.

Different Parenting Styles Significantly Influence Problem-Solving Skills in Children.

Introduction

Parenting styles affect children’s development, especially problem-solving. Parent-child relationships, advice, and boundaries help youngsters with life’s problems. Thus, understanding how different parenting styles affect children’s problem-solving skills is crucial. This study illuminates child-rearing processes and their lasting effects, making it a relevant topic. Authority parenting, with its harmonious blend of support and reasonable expectations; authoritarian parenting, with its strict control and limited autonomy; and permissive parenting, with nurturing but inconsistent discipline, all offer unique insights into a child’s problem-solving development. A full investigation of how these parenting approaches affect children’s problem-solving ability follows. These parenting styles help us understand how children learn to handle life’s problems and make decisions.

Literature Review

Authoritative Parenting

Authoritative parenting is often considered successful. Parents provide warmth and emotional support while setting clear and acceptable expectations for their children in this parenting style. Sanvictores and Mendez (2022) noted that authoritative parents provide valuable guidance and foster independence. They also encourage open conversation so youngsters feel safe expressing themselves and seeking guidance.

Lin et al. (2023) found that authoritative parenting helps children develop strong problem-solving skills. Authoritative parents can blend loving and setting boundaries, which is their strength. This balance gives youngsters a safe and supportive space to practice decision-

making and problem-solving. The effectiveness of authoritative parenting in promoting healthy child development is shown by the superior problem-solving skills of their offspring. Children learn independence and resilience from authoritative parenting. Children learn to make decisions, take initiative, and face problems by providing emotional support and clear expectations. This method promotes communication, critical thinking, and dispute resolution. Authoritative parents guide rather than control, empowering children to explore their problem-solving skills with a stable support system.

Authoritarian Parenting

Authoritarian parenting emphasizes rigorous control, punishment, and limited kid autonomy. Authoritative parents set and enforce rules without negotiation. This parenting style emphasizes obedience and conformity and may lack emotional warmth and compassion. Averett and Lacy (2021) define authoritarian parenting as parents who demand their children follow regulations. Parents expect complete obedience from their children under this parenting style. This method can establish discipline and order, but it can also stifle family communication and warmth.

According to Li et al. (2023), authoritarian parenting may impair children’s problem-solving. Authoritarian families may raise less problem-solvers because of stringent limitations and limited decision-making freedom. Kuppens & Ceulemans, (2019) contend that children who lack autonomy and problem-solving skills may become dependent on others later in life and unable to handle complex issues. Well-intentioned authoritarian parenting might hurt a child’s problem-solving skills. Authoritative parenting’s pros and cons must be understood to examine how parenting styles affect children’s development.

Permissive Parenting

Permissive parents are kind and supportive and do not control their kids. Loving and permissive parents prioritize their child’s wants and preferences while being slack in the discipline (Lo et al., 2020). For a good parent-child bond, this parenting style gives greater freedom, fewer limits, and less supervision. Permissive homes respect kids’ choices. This method may make problem-solving harder due to its lack of structure and restrictions. Due to a lack of accountability and autonomy, Children raised by permissive parents may struggle to make decisions, take the initiative, and face hardship, according to Lo et al. (2020.

Rönsch (2020) examined how permissive parenting may affect children’s problem-solving. Permissive parents foster creativity, exploration, and open communication, but they struggle with discipline and setting expectations. Due to this inconsistency, children raised in such settings may struggle to grasp boundaries and obligations. Permissive parenting may prevent children from developing accountability and decision-making skills, which may hinder their problem-solving skills, according to Lanjekar et al. (2022). Complex problems that demand effective problem-solving can be challenging to solve without organization and explicit principles. Permissive parenting affects children’s development; thus, parents and professionals must understand it to facilitate healthy growth and skill development.

Permissive parenting lacks structure and boundaries, which is a significant worry. Without clear guidelines, children may struggle to grasp acceptable behavior, make decisions, and solve challenging problems (Rönsch, 2020). Without a regulated framework, children may not develop a strong feeling of responsibility, making it hard for them to address complicated problems autonomously.

Hypothesis

The literature review suggests that parenting styles strongly influence children’s problem-solving skills. The following hypotheses are proposed:

Hypothesis 1: Children raised by authoritative parents solve problems better than those reared by authoritarian or permissive parents. Authoritative parenting with support and acceptable boundaries helps kids become independent and resilient.

Hypothesis 2: Authoritarian parents may limit their children’s decision-making, which may impair their problem-solving capabilities.

Hypothesis 3: Permissive parents’ lack of structure and clear expectations might make it hard for their children to take initiative and solve problems.

This research helps parents, educators, and child development experts understand how parenting styles affect children problem-solving. Understanding parenting styles and problem-solving skills can help parents create healthy, capable kids. Teachers and parents must grasp how authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles affect problem-solving. This understanding can assist parents and teachers in choosing parenting approaches and accommodate kids’ problem-solving talents. This research can inform parental programs and educational methods that help children develop holistically and face life’s challenges with confidence and resilience.

References

Averett, K. H., & Lacy, G. (2021). Ownership Versus Partnership Parenting: Parenting Styles Within the Homeschooling Movement.
Journal of Family Issues, 0192513X2110551. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513×211055125

Kuppens, S., & Ceulemans, E. (2019). Parenting Styles: A Closer Look at a Well-Known Concept.
Journal of Child and Family Studies,
28(1), 168–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-018-1242-x

Lanjekar, P. D., Joshi, S. H., Lanjekar, P. D., & Wagh, V. (2022). The Effect of Parenting and the Parent-Child Relationship on a Child’s Cognitive Development: A Literature Review.
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14(10). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.30574

Li, D., Li, W., & Zhu, X. (2023). Parenting style and children emotion management skills among Chinese children aged 3–6: the chain mediation effect of self-control and peer interactions.
Frontiers in Psychology,
14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1231920

Lin, X. Y., Yang, W., Xie, W., & Li, H. (2023). The integrative role of parenting styles and parental involvement in young children’s science problem-solving skills.
Frontiers in Psychology,
14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1096846

Lo, B. C. Y., Lai, R. N. M., Ng, T. K., & Wang, H. (2020). Worry and Permissive Parenting in Association with the Development of Internet Addiction in Children.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
17(21), 7722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217722

Rönsch, H. (2020). Effectiveness of laws and policies governing permissive parenting in pursuit of the reduction of severe child abuse in Germany.
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119, 105510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105510

Sanvictores, T., & Mendez, M. D. (2022).
Types of Parenting Styles and Effects On Children. PubMed; StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568743/