Part 1

IDOC (2022) lists 15 prison facilities in Indiana for adult males. These facilities differ in several aspects, such as size and security levels. Consequently, they are classified into a minimum, medium, and maximum facilities. Minimum prisons are the least restrictive and only house, nonviolent offenders. In total, Indiana has 3 minimum prisons for male adults. Conversely, medium prison has lesser security compared to minimum prisons, and movements are a bit restricted than in minimum prions, with the New Castle Correctional Facility and Westville Correctional Facility being the largest ones. As shown at dissertation writing service, maximum prisons are the most secured prison facilities as people convicted in these facilities committed violent crimes. The inmates’ movements are greatly restricted and are under strict surveillance. The state has 3 maximum prisons, with Indian State prison and Pendleton Correctional Facility being the largest.  

Part 2

Solitary confinements are some of the improvements that may be done to adult correctional facilities for various reasons. To begin with, they may be meant for people who are unruly. While it may be thought that only minors do not follow the rules, adults too fall culprits of lawlessness and talk back to some obvious orders and therefore necessitate confinement from the rest. Additionally, concerns linked to the safety of staff or other inmates may compel the use of solitary confinements (Ahalt et al., 2017). Particularly, known or suspected gangs may pose a threat and calls for keen management under the solitary confinements. Moreover, the need for own protection may require solitary confinements, especially for sex offenders, transgender, or sexually vulnerable. Lastly, solitary confinement may be used for clinical reasons, especially among the mentally ill who have difficulty conforming to the rules (Kaba et al., 2014).  

While solitary confinement is believed to be helpful, it has several associated issues that deem it unfit for the inmates and even staff. According to Ahalt et al. (2017), solitary confinement leads to severe psychological effects and becomes riskier for people who experience it. Ahalt et al. (2017) relate such effects to a deprivation of social contacts among these people, leading to the stress of being isolated. Also, solitary confinement may lead to physical health problems for the victim (Ahalt et al., 2017; Cloud et al., 2015). Such effects lead to effects that are long term and some are short-loved. One of the long term effects of solitary confinement is that it tenders victims incapable of living anywhere else. When such prisoners are released to the outside world or back to prisons to reunite with the rest, they are quite overwhelmed with anxiety and sometimes reach a level in which they are frightened by the people around them. Some of the short-term effects of solitary confinement include withdrawal, emotional breakdowns, hypersensitivity, anxiety, loss of appetite, and suicide (Ahalt et al., 2017).  Visit college homework help for more.

From the IDOC policy, IDOC contributes immensely to the lessening of the aggravating impacts of restrictive housing. The department understands the issues linked to segregation and thus stipulates conditions of non-extension of the length of time unless the offender is found guilty. The department also stipulates that offenders under investigative status are not liable to be placed under segregation to limit the number of people put under such unwelcome conditions. Citizens must be concerned about those segregated to welcome them into society. By the time of their release, ex-prisoners are more frightened of associating with people. At this time, they need support that citizens can accord.  

Part 3: https://onlyprofessors.com/tag/recently-answered/  

According to Syke, the pains of improvements are some of the deprivations accruing to the prisoners while serving prison life. Syke lists them as the lack of liberty, autonomy, lack of security, and needed goods and services. These deprivations are far-reaching, and the administrators should be concerned with the aggravating impacts. It causes both mental and physical harm to the prisoners. According to Sykes (1958), the existence of outlets for sexual energy is an example of the concerns shown by the administrators. They offer conjugal visiting rights for both same-sex and heterogeneous cases. While Sykes focused on a non-differentiated male prisoner (Tewksbury, Connor & Denney, 2014), today, the same pains are looked at holistically, considering every gender. The pains of punishments today are manifested in every manner that every prisoner faces. According to Haggerty and Bucerius (2020), female prisoners, for example, are exposed to psychological torture when their relationships with their children are distorted. Foster (2012) concurs that the loss of liberty results from women failing to have contact with their children. Also, women are more vulnerable to sexual abuse through strip searches and face daily humiliations relating to regulating basic needs such as sanitary towels. Further, Haggerty and Bucerius (2020) records that males are expected to be involved in the lives of children even when they are serving prison life. Moreover, most prisoners suffer an extended life of incarceration which makes them suffer from pains such as suicidal thoughts, missing out on social life, loneliness, and feelings of life wasted (Haggerty & Bucerius, 2020). Political science assignment help covers all your writing needs.  

Restructuring of corrective systems is integral to reducing the pain of imprisonment experienced within or after correctional facilities. Haney (2006) suggests that there is a need to end the overuse of imprisonment to reduce the pain. This would require the use of social welfare programs other than prison for some cases, such as those who are mentally ill, drug abuse offenses, and other minor cases. Another way is by avoiding harm to the prisoners. This will require that there should be limits to what prisons are permitted to do to the prisoners since what happens to them has a profound effect on what they will be like once released. Ensuring that the social contexts to which the incarcerated have been exposed will do more good than harm in serving the interests of the families and society to which they return. Another way is resuscitating the rehabilitation programs. Rehabilitation has been marked by intense critiques (Haney, 2006), but having a more revised and carefully monitored system would be fundamental to replacing prisons with rehabilitation centers for some minor offenses.  

Part 4: Sweet Study

Miami correctional facility is one of the male prison facilities in Indiana (IDOC, 2022). Substance abuse is one of the programs offered in this facility. The empirical research has shown enough evidence to conclude that this type of correction facility program reduces cases of recidivism, and its application at the facility is thus justified. Gallagher et al.’s (2014) findings showed that substance abuse interventions are effective relative to other types of criminal justice systems at limiting recidivism. Mitchell et al. (2012) concur with this finding that prisoners exposed to substance abuse programs are less likely to recidivate than those who have no exposure to such programs. The integration of a substance abuse program in the correctional facility improves the defendant’s motivation factors, reflecting on the change of their behavior, especially after building trust with the therapists. Such programs also permit early assessment of risks and needs, enabling the staff to effectively establish a rehabilitation program that prepares the prisoners for release. Also, apart from education and training, such programs also improve substance abuse treatment, which lowers recidivism rates. Based on this evidence, this program gives better opportunities of reducing the rate of recidivism.  

The chosen evidence-based topic for the capstone project is education and prevention of COVID-19 in the school-aged/pediatric population. COVID-19 is one of the most severe global pandemics in recent years. Since its outbreak in 2019, there has been more than more than 528 million cases reported worldwide. More than 6 million deaths can also be attributed to the disease (World Health Organization, 2022). Therefore, it is has been a public concern and governmental and non-governmental agencies have put efforts to address the issue. This work explores the category the chosen topic and intervention.

Preventive measures have been largely used to reduce the spread of COVID-19 infections and severity of the pandemic. Public education is one of the prevention measures that has been widely used. Public education is under the category of community measures. According to Questa et al. (2020), a community health intervention entails involvement of members of the community in approaches aimed to achieve health behavior change and health improvement. In this context, education entails informing the public about the risk factors of a disease and approaches to prevent it. As stipulated by Rajmil (2020) at Historyassignmenthelp.com, even though young populations including adolescents and school-age children may be asymptomatic despite having COVID-19 infection, and they can spread it to others. Therefore, they can pose a health risk to other susceptible and at risk populations. According to Hagabimana et al. (2021), public education has played a significant role in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most of the educational messages are packaged for adolescent and adult populations. Therefore, this capstone project focuses on health education targeting school-age children.  

References

Hagabimana, A., Omolo, J., El-Khatib, Z., Rwagasore, E., Benemariya, N., Nsekuye, O., Kabeja, A., Balisanga, H., Umutoni, A., Musafili, A., & Ndagijimana, A. (2021). Baseline knowledge and attitudes on COVID-19 among hotels’ staff: A cross-sectional study in Kigali, Rwanda. PloS one, 16(12), e0261744. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261744

Questa, K., Das, M., King, R., Everitt, M., Rassi, C., Cartwright, C., Ferdous, T., Barua, D., Putnis, N., Snell, A. C., Huque, R., Newell, J., & Elsey, H. (2020). Community engagement interventions for communicable disease control in low- and lower- middle-income countries: evidence from a review of systematic reviews. International journal for equity in health, 19(1), 51. https://sweetstudypro.com/tag/college-homework-help/ 

Rajmil L. (2020). Role of children in the transmission of the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid scoping review. BMJ paediatrics open, 4(1), e000722. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000722

World Health Organization (2022). Coronavirus (COVID-19): Overview. Retrieved on 27/5/2022 from https://covid19.who.int/