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Vaping I
Stephan C. Jahn, Ph.D.
Pharmacology and Therapeutics
University of Florida
Primary Source: Cao et al,
J. Med. Toxicol. (2020)
Vaping
Well-intentioned catastrophe
Safer
Cessation
Entered US market in 2006
Vaping
Inhalation of aerosols
Three primary purposes
Nicotine
THC
Flavor
Who Vapes?
Nonpoor, young whites
Especially men
Exponential growth
2018: 13.5% 8th graders, 34% 12th graders
2019: 40.5% of 12th graders
Most users 18-24
Mixed reasons
Young
Social
Flavors
Older
Cessation
Vaping Devices
First generation
One-time-use “cig-a-likes”
Second generation
Reusable
Larger battery
Third generation
“Mods”
Customizable
Fourth generation
“Pods”
Flashdrive appearance
Juul
Marketed heavily to youth
Malanga and Smith
https://www.sjuhawknews.com/health-
officials-urge-students-to-stop-using-
electronic-cigarettes/
E-Liquids
Hard to pin down
Little regulation
Rapidly changing market
User refillable
Inhaled components depend on heat generated by device
Potential for reactions or decomposition
Nicotine E-Liquids
Contains:
Nicotine
Purified
Highly variable concentrations
Juul has patent for nicotine acid salt to increase absorption
Propylene glycol and/or glycerin
Thickeners
Water
Flavoring
Concentrated nicotine poses threat to toddlers
Toxicology of Thickeners
Propylene Glycol and Glycerin
Extremely common in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
FDA “generally recognized as safe”
Inhalation is a whole ‘nother ball game
Alveoli very delicate
Decomposition products
i.e. acrolein
Two studies show vaping thickeners alone causes epithelial injury and
decreased oxygen absorption
Other E-Liquids
THC
Similar to nicotine e-liquids in constituency
Even more variability due to illicit nature
More likely to contain vitamin-E acetate
Used by ~20% of cannabis users
Alcohol/caffeine
Dosages are small compared to normal consumption
Still dangers due to excipients
Other illicit drugs
Flavors only
Vaping Pharmacokinetics
Best studied with nicotine
One session administers an average of 4 mg
3-4x one cigarette
Plasma concentration plateaus around 13 ng/mL
Roughly equal to one cigarette
Slower climb
Less addictive?
St Helen G, Ross KC, Dempsey DA, Havel CM, Jacob P 3rd, Benowitz NL. Nicotine Delivery and Vaping Behavior
During ad Libitum E-cigarette Access. Tob Regul Sci. 2016;2(4):363‐376. doi:10.18001/TRS.2.4.8
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