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Book/movie review
22/08/2022
HR 522 Midterm Exam part 1
Question 1
The Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations set the tone for organizational ethics compliance programs by
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codifying into law incentives for organizations to take action such as developing ethical compliance programs to prevent misconduct. |
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forcing all organizations to develop mandatory reporting systems. |
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eliminating most of the federal legislation that created inefficient and time-consuming activities for businesses. |
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providing a study of moral philosophies. |
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providing an examination of company codes of ethics. |
Question 2
According to the role of ethical culture in performance, all of these are drivers of profit except
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trust. |
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investor loyalty. |
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employee commitment. |
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customer satisfaction. |
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opportunity for misconduct. |
Question 3
Most organizations with strong ethical climates usually focus on the core value of placing ________ interests first.
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customers’ |
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employees’ |
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stockholders’ |
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suppliers’ |
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distributors’ |
Because of Sarbanes-Oxley, publicly traded companies must develop ________ to assist in maintaining transparency in financial reporting.
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ethics officers |
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ethics programs |
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codes of ethics |
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legal counsel |
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accountants |
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Ethical culture is defined as
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rules, standards, and moral principles regarding what is right or wrong in specific situations. |
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the establishment and enforcement of ethical codes throughout the organization. |
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the development of rules and norms that are socially enforced. |
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the codification of laws to reward organizations for taking action to prevent misconduct. |
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acceptable behavior as defined by the company and industry. |
Question 6
Employees’ perceptions of their firm as having an ethical climate leads to
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lack of focus on goals. |
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greater focus on education. |
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increased community involvement. |
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improved relationships with competitors. |
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enhanced performance. |
Question 7
________ is essential in building long-term relationships between businesses and consumers.
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Profits |
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Dividends |
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Trust |
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Hubris |
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Codes of ethics |
Question 8
The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
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was very popular among Wall Street bankers. |
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represented only modest reform. |
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came out of theological discussions in the 1920s. |
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was designed to make the financial services industry more responsible. |
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made it mandatory for public corporations to hire ethics officers. |
Question 9
One policy to address the issue of executive pay was implemented by J.P. Morgan, it stated that ________.
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there should be no limit on what top executives can earn. |
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managers should earn no more than twenty times the pay of other employees. |
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top managers should make the same amount as other employees. |
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employees can determine how much managers make. |
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the government should determine the worth of each manager’s service. |
Question 10
What are the four levels of social responsibility?
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Financial, religious, ethical, and philanthropic |
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Ethical, philanthropic, selfish, and short-sighted |
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Economic, long-term, ethical, and philanthropic. |
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Legal, economic, ethical, and philanthropic |
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Economic, compliance, legal, and philanthropic |
The specific steps for implementing the stakeholder perspective do not include which of the following?
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Identifying stakeholder groups |
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Identifying stakeholder issues |
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Identifying and gaining stakeholder feedback |
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Identifying and gaining government feedback |
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Assessing organizational commitment to social responsibility groups |
A stakeholder orientation can be viewed as a(n)
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necessity for business success. |
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continuum. |
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polarizing concept. |
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good marketing ploy. |
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expensive proposition. |
Question 13
Accountability, oversight, and control all fall under the definition and implementation of corporate
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profit. |
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loyalty. |
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care. |
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governance. |
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diligence. |
Question 14
Some economists believe that if companies address economic and legal issues, they are satisfying the demands of society, and that trying to anticipate and meet additional needs would be almost impossible. Which economist’s theory are they following most closely with this belief?
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Adam Smith. |
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Theodore Levitt. |
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Norman Bowie. |
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Herman Miller |
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Milton Friedman. |
Question 15
Which of the following is not a benefit that primary stakeholders tend to provide to organizations?
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Supplies of capital and resources. |
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Expertise and leadership |
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Word-of-mouth promotion |
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Infrastructure |
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Pro-bono bookkeeping |
Question 16
A stakeholder orientation is not complete unless it includes
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clear accounting procedures. |
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major financing activities. |
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marketing strategy. |
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feedback from special-interest groups. |
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activities that actually address stakeholder issues. |
Question 17
Which of the following is not a consequence of ethical misconduct?
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Decreased reputation |
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Shaken customer loyalty |
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Reduced investor confidence |
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Increased sales |
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Legal actions by wronged parties |
Question 18
________ is an important element of virtue and means being whole, sound, and in unimpaired condition.
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Optimization |
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Ethical issue |
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Honesty |
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Trust |
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Integrity |
Question 19
Accountants must abide by a strict code of ethics that defines their responsibilities to
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their clients only. |
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their clients and the public interest. |
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the public only. |
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their investors and shareholders. |
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government regulators. |
Question 20
The first step toward understanding business ethics is to
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know your company’s ethical policies. |
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know your own morals and philosophies. |
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know society’s ethical policies. |
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develop ethical-issue awareness. |
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develop a set of decision-making rules. |
Question 21
What type of fraud involves intentional deception on the part of an individual or group in order to derive an unfair economic advantage over an organization?
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Channel |
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Integrative |
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Consumer |
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Product |
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Conventional |
Question 22
________ is associated with a hostile workplace where someone considered a target is threatened, harassed, belittled, or verbally abused.
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A code of conduct |
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Sexual harassment |
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Coercive power |
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Bullying |
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Rewards |
Question 23
War metaphors are common in business. This kind of mindset can be dangerous for business leaders because
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it may lead executives to become violent. |
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it may foster the idea that honesty is unnecessary in business. |
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it may lead organizations to be excessively aggressive. |
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business is not like warfare and the metaphors are not appropriate. |
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business is more like a game than a war. |
Question 24
Which of the following is not a side-effect of being the victim of workplace bullying?
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Increased productivity |
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Sleep disturbance |
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Depression |
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Increased sick days |
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Stomach problems |
Question 25
A person uncomfortable with his employer’s unspoken policy of hiring only white men is experiencing
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a conflict of interest. |
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an ethical issue. |
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a feeling of guilt. |
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cognitive dissonance. |
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a moral attribute.
Midterm Exam Part 2
Question 1 The ________ was called “a sweeping overhaul of the financial regulatory system…on a scale not seen since the reforms that followed the Great Depression.”
Question 2 By prohibiting accounting firms from providing both auditing and consulting services to the same corporate clients without permission, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is attempting to eliminate
Question 3 ________ tie(s) an organization’s product(s) directly to a social concern through a marketing program.
Question 4 Which of the following acts can be classified as procompetitive legislation?
Question 5 Which of the following acts exempted the insurance industry from antitrust legislation?
Question 6 Which of the following is not a benefit to businesses of engaging in voluntary responsibilities?
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Department of Justice and Open Compliance Ethics Group |
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Department of Justice and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
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Federal Sentencing Guidelines for Organizations and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
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Food and Drug Administration and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
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Securities and Exchange Commission and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act |
Question 8
The primary objective of U.S. antitrust laws is to
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protect consumers from high prices and foreign products. |
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protect domestic businesses. |
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protect employees. |
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promote strategies that enhance business welfare over consumer welfare. |
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distinguish competitive strategies that enhance consumer welfare from those that reduce it. |
Question 9
The relationship between business ethics and age
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shows a negative correlation. |
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is simple. Greater experience leads to better ethical decision making. |
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is complex, although experience helps older employees make ethical decisions. |
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suggests that employees with less experience have a greater ability to deal with complex industry-specific ethical issues. |
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does not demonstrate a statistically significant correlation. |
Question 10
The ________ includes the motivational “carrots and sticks” superiors use to influence employee behavior.
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Obedience to authority |
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Immediate job context |
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Locus of control |
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Normative approach |
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Descriptive approach |
Question 11
Which of the following is the first step in the ethical decision making process?
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Being socialized into the firm’s corporate culture |
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Applying a personal moral philosophy in order to individualize the ethical decision making process |
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Recognizing that an issue requires an individual or work group to make a choice that ultimately will be judged by stakeholders as right or wrong |
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Soliciting the opinions of others in a work group or in the overall business in order to gain feedback |
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Enforcing the firm’s ethical standards with rewards and punishment |
Question 12
Employees that see themselves as going with the flow because that’s all they can do have a(n)
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external locus of control. |
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moral intensity |
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obedience to authority |
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opportunity |
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internal locus of control. |
Question 13
________ institutions include religion, education, and individuals such as the family unit.
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Social |
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Conservative |
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Economic |
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Liberal |
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Political |
Question 14
________ is the first sign that an unethical decision has occurred.
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Guilt |
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Reward |
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Punishment |
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Cognitive dissonance |
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Happiness |
Question 15
________ relates to individuals’ perceptions of social pressure and the harm they believe their decisions will have on others.
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Ethical awareness |
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Moral intensity |
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Individual factors |
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Ethical issue intensity |
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Social awareness |
Question 16
The ________ states that economic and social equalities should be arranged to provide the most benefit to the least-advantaged members of society.
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Equality principle |
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Difference principle |
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Constitutional principle |
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Liberty principle |
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Justice principle |
Question 17
________ is considered the father of free market capitalism. He believed that business was and should be guided by the morals of good men.
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John Maynard Keynes |
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Henry Kissinger |
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George Washington |
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Adam Smith |
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Lawrence Kohlberg |
Question 18
________ believe that no one thing is intrinsically good.
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Hedonists |
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Pluralists |
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Relativists |
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Deontologists |
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Teleologists |
Question 19
Which moral philosophy considers an act to be morally right or acceptable if it produces some desired result?
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Teleology |
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Deontology |
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The relativist perspective |
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Ethical formalism |
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Hedonism |
Question 20
An individual who believes that an action is ethical because others within his or her company and industry regularly engage in the activity is probably a(n)
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utilitarian. |
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relativist. |
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teleologist. |
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deontologist. |
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egoist. |
Question 21
An individual who emphasizes others rather than himself or herself in making decisions is in which of the following of Kohlberg’s stages of development?
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Universal ethical principles (6th stage) |
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Mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and conformity (3rd stage) |
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Social system and conscience maintenance (4th stage) |
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Punishment and obedience (1st stage) |
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Prior rights, social contract, or utility (5th stage) |
Question 22
________ justice is based on the evaluation of outcomes or results of the business relationship.
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Procedural |
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Interactional |
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Distributive |
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Ethical |
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Egotistical |
Question 23
________ argues that ethical behavior involves not only adhering to conventional moral standards but also considering what a mature person with a “good” moral character would deem appropriate.
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Act utilitarianism |
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Virtue ethics |
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Reciprocity |
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Hedonism |
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Rule deontology |
Question 24
A central problem with relativism is
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that it emphasizes people’s differences, not similarities. |
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that few people believe that these principles are important. |
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that they are very complicated. |
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that they represent unattainable goals. |
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that many feel that virtue ethics only works in theory. |
Question 25
Eric views animal research in the pharmaceutical industry as a way to improve drugs that will benefit mankind. Which moral philosophy most closely represents his viewpoint?
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Egoism |
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Relativism |
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Humanitarianism |
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Utilitarianism |
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Individualism |
2 points
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